Fennel and menopause

What 3 graded rows on fennel agree on for menopause, and where they differ. Counted side by side, never averaged.

What the rows agree on

Each block and row is one graded row from the Fennel page, with its PubMed record.

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Fennel and menopause

3 rows · 285 people

Mostly an improvement: 2 of 3 rows, and most of the people. 1 found no difference.

No difference
Improved
Each block is one evidence row, sized by how many people it enrolled, with its grade inside.
  • Grade C× 3
Rows
3
Trials
4
People
285
Pooled reviews may count some twice

Where they differ

From the rows
Trial sizeStudy design

The best-graded row, grade C, is a meta-analysis of 145 people (2021) and found an improvement.

The 2 rows that found an improvement were larger: a median of 118 people, against 50 people for the row that found no difference.

Only the 2 rows that found an improvement include pooled reviews of several trials (1 of 2); the row that found no difference is a single study.

The rows

2 improved · 1 no difference
  1. Grade CMenopausal symptoms · Improved

    Meta-analysis, 2 studies · n 145 · 2021 · Menopausal women in 2 placebo-controlled trials (7 trials reviewed)

    Varied across trials · Varied

    Pooled results of 2 placebo-controlled trials favoured fennel for menopausal symptoms (SMD -1.32). Other trials did not show benefits for sexual function, quality of life or mood; included trials had concerning risks of bias.

    Row on the Fennel page · PubMed 33725577 (opens PubMed)

  2. Grade CMenopause Rating Scale score · Improved

    RCT · n 90 · 2017 · Postmenopausal women aged 45 to 60 (Tehran, Iran)

    100 mg capsule twice daily (200 mg/day) · 8 weeks, plus 2 weeks follow-up

    Menopause Rating Scale scores fell significantly more than with placebo at 4, 8 and 10 weeks (P < 0.001); no serious side effects were reported.

    Row on the Fennel page · PubMed 28509813 (opens PubMed)

  3. Grade CMenopause-specific quality of life (hot flushes, sweats, mood) · No difference

    RCT · n 50 · 2018 · Postmenopausal women (Mashhad, Iran)

    Not stated in the abstract · 3 months

    Both fennel and placebo groups improved; there was no difference between groups on any menopausal symptom except one urinary item. The authors attribute the null result to a high placebo response.

    Row on the Fennel page · PubMed 29755029 (opens PubMed)

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